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Chasmataspidida
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
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Chasmataspidida ist eine ausgestorbene Ordnung innerhalb der KieferklauentrΓ€ger (Chelicerata).
Contents
β’ Merkmale
β’ Fundorte
β’ Systematik
β’ Quellen
β’ Literatur
β’ Einzelnachweise
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Merkmale
Chasmataspidida sind echte KieferklauentrΓ€ger mit einem kurzen, breiten Sklerit (1. opisthosomales Segment), gefolgt von einem dreisegmentierten Preabdomen (Segmente 2β4) und einem neunsegmentierten Postabdomen (Segmente 5β13).
Fundorte
Arten der Ordnung Chasmataspidida wurden in Nordamerika (Tennessee), Europa (Deutschland und Schottland) und Russland gefunden.
Systematik
Einige Autoren ordnen die Chasmataspidida nicht einer Klasse zu, da die Monophylie der Merostomata fragwΓΌrdig und die basalen Beziehungen innerhalb der Euchelicerata kontrovers sind. Chasmataspidida teilen viele Gemeinsamkeiten mit Xiphosura (SchwertschwΓ€nze) und Eurypterida (Seeskorpione) und werden daher von Anderson & Seldon 1997 von den Xiphosura getrenntcite-ref-anderson-1-0[1]. Die von Starabogatovcite-ref-starabogatov-2-0[2] aufgestellte Γberordnung Chasmataspidiformii entspricht der Ordnung Chasmataspidida und die Ordnung Chasmataspidiformes der Familie Chasmataspididae, ebenso wie die von BergstrΓΆmcite-ref-bergstr-m-3-0[3] aufgestellte Γberfamilie Chasmataspidacea. Ein jΓΌngeres Synonym der Ordnung ist Diploaspidida Simonetta & Delle Cave, 1978.
Man unterscheidet zurzeit zwei Familien mit sieben Arten in sechs Gattungen:
β’ Chasmataspididae Caster & Brooks, 1956
β’ Chasmataspis Caster & Brooks, 1956
β’ Chasmataspis laurencii Caster & Brooks, 1956
β’ Diploaspididae StΓΈrmer, 1972 (= Heteroaspididae StΓΈrmer, 1972)
β’ Achanarraspis Anderson, Dunlop & Trewin, 2000
β’ Achanarraspis reedi Anderson, Dunlop & Trewin, 2000
β’ Diploaspis StΓΈrmer, 1972 (= Heteroaspis StΓΈrmer, 1972)
β’ Diploaspis casteri StΓΈrmer, 1972 (= Heteroaspis novojilovi StΓΈrmer, 1972)
β’ Diploaspis muelleri Poschmann, Anderson & Dunlop, 2005
β’ Forfarella Dunlop, Anderson & Braddy, 1999
β’ Forfarella mitchelli Dunlop, Anderson & Braddy, 1999
β’ Loganamaraspis Tetlie & Braddy, 2004
β’ Loganamaraspis dunlopi Tetlie & Braddy, 2004
β’ Octoberaspis Dunlop, 2002
β’ Octoberaspis ushakovi Dunlop, 2002
UngeklΓ€rt ist noch, ob es sich bei dem aus Sibirien stammenden Eurypterus stoermeri Novojilov, 1959 mΓΆglicherweise doch um ein Vertreter von Chasmataspidida handelt.cite-ref-tetlie-4-0[4]
Quellen
Literatur
β’ Jason A. Dunlop, Lyall I. Anderson, Simon J. Braddy: A redescription of Chasmataspis laurencii Caster & Brooks, 1956 (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) from the Middle Ordovician of Tennessee, USA, with remarks on chasmataspid phylogeny. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 94, 2004: 207β225. PDF
Einzelnachweise
cite-note-anderson-11. β L. I. Anderson, P. A. Selden: Opisthosomal fusion and phylogeny of Palaeozoic Xiphosura. Lethaia 30, 1997: 19β31.
cite-note-starabogatov-22. β Y. I. Starobogatov: The systematics and phylogeny of the lower chelicerates (a morphological analysis of the Paleozoic groups). Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1, 1990: 4β17.
cite-note-bergstr-m-33. β J. BergstrΓΆm: Functional morphology and evolution of xiphosurids. Fossils and Strata 4, 1975: 291β305.
cite-note-tetlie-44. β O. E. Tetlie, S. J. Braddy: The first Silurian chasmataspid, Loganamaraspis dunlopi gen. et sp. nov. (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) from Lesmahagow, Scotland, and its implications for eurypterid phylogeny. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 94, 2004: 227β234.